R Factors

In R, factors are one of the data structures where it is used to represent categorical data and store it at multiple levels. For example – gender, availability, country, marital status, etc. Such data is called categorical data.
They can store both strings and integers. These factors are created with the help of factor() functions.

Examples of factors are:

• Demography: Male/Female
• Music: Rock, Pop, Classic, Jazz
• Training: Strength, Stamina

Syntax of Factors

We use the factor() function to create factors. The following syntax of the factor() function:

factor_name=factor(x=character(),levels,labels, exclude,ordered,nmax)

Create a Factor

In R, The factor() command is used to create and modify factors. The two steps to creating a factor are:  

• First is Creating a vector.
• Second is Converting the vector created into a factor.

Input: Let us create a factor day with levels.

#Creating a vector as input. days <- c("Friday", "Tuesday", "Thursday", "Monday", "Wednesday", "Monday", "Wednesday", "Monday", "Monday", "Wednesday", "Sunday", "Saturday") Levels in alphabetical order my_factor <- factor(days) my_factor print("_______________________________________") #levels of a factor can be checked using the levels() function. levels(my_factor)

Output:

Access Factors Elements

Accessing factors element is very much similar to that of vectors. Let’s see an example ,we understand the different ways of accessing the elements.

Input: To create different ways of accessing the elements

#Creating a vector as input. data = factor(c(“March”,”April”,”January”,”November”,”January”, “September”,”October”,”September”,”November”,”August”, “January”,”November”,”November”,”February”,”May”,”August”, “July”,”December”,”August”,”August”,”September”,”November”, “February”,”April”) ) #Printing all elements of factor data print(“_________________________________________“) #Accessing 4th element of factor print(data[4]) print(“_________________________________________“) #Accessing 5th and 7th element print(data[c(5,7)]) print(“_________________________________________“) #Accessing all element except 4th one print(data[-4])

Output:

Modification Factor Elements

In R, using reassignment can modify existing values ​​and also add new ones as well. The new values ​​must be assigned within the predefined level of the factor.

Input: Let’s see an example, how the modification is done in factors.

#Creating a vector as input. days = c(“Friday”, “Tuesday”, “Thursday”, “Monday”, “Wednesday”, “Monday”, “Wednesday”, “Monday”, “Monday”, “Wednesday”, “Sunday”, “Saturday”) my_factor = factor(days) my_factor #Change 4th element of factor days[4] = “Sat” days #add new level levels(days) <- c(levels(days), “other”) days[3] <- “other” days

Output:

आशा करता हूँ, कि यह आर्टिकल आपको पसंद आया होगा तो सोच क्या रहे हैं अभी इसी वक्त इसे अपने दोस्तों के साथ सोशल मीडिया पर Share करें।

Thanking You………………धन्यवाद………………..शुक्रिया………………..मेहरबानी…………………..

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Reference

R Tutorial

“https://r-coder.com/factor-r/‘